Expiation of fasting days (qada) in Ramadan is divided into three categories:

1. Qada is obligatory upon:

• Those who are unable to fast due to being unwell and fasting would worsen their health condition.

• Those who do not fast due to being travellers (distance travelled has to be more than 84 kilometres).

• Mothers who breastfeed their children and had to break their fast out of concern for their own health and well-being.

• Women who are unable to fast due to menstruation or post-natal flow.

• Those who break fast due to extreme thirst and hunger, with valid concern that continuing the fast would be detrimental to their health.

• Those whose fasts are invalidated.

2. Qada and paying of fidyah are obligatory upon:

• Pregnant women or breastfeeding mothers who break their fast out of concern for their children’s health and well-being.

• Those who did not expiate their missed fasting days from previous years before the arrival of the most recent Ramadan.

3. It is not obligatory to qada, but is required to pay fidyah:

• Those who are unable to fast due to chronic and long-term illnesses.

• The elderly who are unable to observe fasting due to their very old age.