My friend took a very nice photograph. Can I upload the photograph onto my personal website/blog?

The owner of the copyright in the photograph would be your friend (unless your friend took the photograph in the course of his employment in which case his employer will be the default copyright owner).
When you upload a photograph onto your personal website/blog, you are both making a copy of a copyright work, as well as communicating it to the public. Since these actions are exclusive to the copyright owner, you should obtain the agreement of your friend before uploading the photograph.
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